How to use header tags for SEO in 2023

Should I use my keyword in header tags?

Yoast sure wants me to!

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And god knows, I want that red light to turn green SO BADLY.

But the real question is: Does it actually matter what you do with your header tags (from an SEO perspective)?

The answer is: Yes…but not in the way you think.

I’ll explain.

What is a header tag?

Let’s first get our bearings around what a header tag is.

Headers tags, also known as H1-H6 tags, are headings used to separate concepts within an article. They are listed in order of importance and size, with H1 being the largest header, and H6 being the smallest header.

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In early days of SEO it was effective to use your target keyword in your header tags as often as possible (keyword stuffing). Back in those days Google only knew what a page was about based on what you told it in your metadata, like in header tags.

As you can probably imagine, this resulted in lots of SEOs figuring out how to game the system and stuff their keywords into headers every chance they got.

But Google doesn’t need you to ram your target keyword down it’s throat anymore. If you’ve done a good job writing your content, Google will understand the meaning of your page.

So, should I focus on using my target keyword in header tags?

Verdict:Probably not.

There’s more effective things you can do with header tags from an SEO perspective.

How should I use header tags, then?

In short, you should use them to organize your thoughts and concepts you want to convey in a way that makes it easy for the reader to follow.

You almost need to forget that you’re writing for SEO in order to effectively write for SEO.

But, there should be a method to the madness.

By organizing your headers by subtopics you can help Google understand the structure and organization of your content.

If you’re using an SEO content writing tool like Clearscope or MarketMuse, this concept is super simple. All you need to do is take the suggested topics that you need to cover and turn them into mini paragraphs, using the topic as the subject of the header.

For example, if I was trying to write a blog post for the keyword “How to do keyword research”, I would pull up the list of topics I need to discuss.

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I would then convert these “topics” into paragraphs, using the topic within the header.

So I would convert “Google trends” into an H2 tag that read “Using Google Trends for keyword research.”

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I would then write a paragraph (or however much content I needed to write to properly explain the topic) based on that prompt.

By doing this, I’ve done three things:

  1. I’ve clearly communicated to Google the structure of my page.
  2. I’ve clearly communicated to Google the subtopics I’ve covered for my target keyword.
  3. I’ve broken up my content into well-organized topics for my readers.

The result is extremely thorough, well-organized content that comes across as unforced and natural.

And as an added bonus, Google may understand the structure of your page enough to give you a sexy looking snippet with shortlinks. Check out MailChimp’s result for “how to do keyword research.” Notice that it’s pulling the header tag directly into the SERP:

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Conclusion

So should you use header tags for SEO? Most certainly yes. But most certainly not in the way we used them in the days of old school SEO. Use them very strategically to organize the subtopics you’re trying to discuss and you’ll satisfy both Google and your readers.

Using a new tool to rank on page 1

Using a new tool to rank on page 1

Sure, SEO isn’t nearly as technical as it was in the past.

We’re catching a serious break there – especially the smaller, less established websites who are getting a legitimate crack at their Goliath counterparts by creating better content.

(And you’ve gotta root for the Davids in the SEO world.)

But while the SEO “black box” may be starting to part its lid, that doesn’t mean we get free license to write whatever the hell we want and expect to swim in a sea of gold coins, a la Scrooge McDuck.

Everything we create still needs to be data-led…

From the things we are pretty familiar with, like keyword research and content topic coverage, to the new kid on the block: All the user signals RankBrain cares about.

Wait, how are we quantifying what RankBrain cares about?

Well, we’re not.

At least there is nothing out there YET in terms of tools that tell you what to do to make the RankBrain gods happy. So I created one. Go ahead and make a copy of it.

I figured it’s just a matter of quantifying the main user signals RankBrain cares about, like: expected CTR, dwell time, short clicks v. long clicks, and pogo-sticking.

(You don’t need to know what any of those things mean right now.)

And because the intent and expectations behind each keyword search is 100% unique, we can’t take a global approach to creating content.

But you need to know right now is that there are two things we need to focus on when creating content:

  1. Getting more clicks than Google expects you to get in your current ranking position.
  2. Keeping visitors on your site for a long time, and hopefully leaving them no reason to return to SERPs to find another answer from one of your competitors.

And we are going to do that in two ways: Optimizing the hell out of our title tags, and creating the best on-page experience expected for each specific target keyword.

We’re going to do both using data from an insanely simple audit and formula.

Using a template to optimize the hell out of our title tag (10 min)

Before you go any further, open the explainer video below (please subscribe 😊), and this tool. It will work best if you do-as-you-go.

Or don’t! You’re the boss of your time.

The first thing we’re going to do is figure out how to create the perfect title tag.

We are going to attempt to create the most clickable title on page 1 of search.

RankBrain aside note: What you see in SERPs at any given time is the direct result of simple math and human behavior, updated in real time. Old-school factors like inbound link profiles and on-page SEO only get you a seat at the table. The content that stays there is the content that has satisfied the searcher behavior signals that RB is looking for. In other words, what you see in SERPs is a reflection of what people like the most, therefore, we would be stupid to not use it as a guide.

In order for us to create the perfect title tag, there are 5 factors (there’s probably more, but this is what I landed on) we can audit in SERPs to determine what searchers are clicking on the most often:

  1. Are people looking for a list article?
  2. Are people looking for a published year in the title?
  3. Does the exact match keyword need to be in the title?
  4. Does recency of publish date matter?
  5. What is the intent of the keyword? Informational? Commercial?

And as a bonus, are there any phrases that are commonly used that we need to know about?

Step 1: Audit page 1 for your target keyword.

Google your keyword and add each of the title tags from page one to the spreadsheet into columns C/D.

Then answer “Yes” or “No” to each of the columns E, F, and G based on what you see.

In column I you’ll have to make a judgment call on the intent of the page.

Hint: if it looks like a product page, it’s commercial. If it looks like a blog or pillar page, it’s informational.

As you progress through your audit, the “Most important factors” box at the bottom will auto-populate data, indicating the percentage of page 1 results that utilize each factor.

If our target keyword is “Best places to live in Mexico”, our completed audit will look like this:

So what do we know about the titles people are clicking on?

Well, quite a bit, actually. we know:

  • 100% of titles use the exact match keyword. This is a MUST-HAVE for our title tag.
  • 56% were published this year; recency seems to be important (good to know if we’re re-optimizing!).
  • 56% of articles are lists; this also seems to be important.
  • 22% include the year in the title, this seems to be a nice-to-have factor.
  • 40% use the phrase “expat”, this must be important.
  • The intent is informational.

Step 2: Write the optimized title tag

With that data, we have a pretty good idea of what searchers are most interested in clicking on.

To our best ability, and based on actual user signals, we’re going to create the optimized title tag that will maximize my number of clicks.

Here’s an option of what we could go with:

13 best places to live in Mexico as an expat in 2023

Note that we have made this a list article, we included the year, the exact match keyword, and “expat.”

Step 3: Make sure it looks good.

Hop into the Yoast plugin or To The Web’s title tag tester to make sure the title is the correct length (you don’t want it getting cut off).

And don’t forget to check mobile too! Let’s see how ours looks:

Good and good. Our title tag is done, and looks solid. We are ready to move onto the on-page experience.

Optimizing the hell out of our on-page experience (30 min)

So our main objective here is to keep people on the page as long as possible, and hopefully keep them from ever going back to search results (a negative signal).

(Oh, and many of the factors we audit in this section will be universal to your other similar pages, so you’ll get an idea of which changes you need to make globally.)

There are six primary factors I can think of that will impact this goal in a positive or negative way. The questions we need to ask are:

  1. Have we covered our topic cluster sufficiently using Clearscope or MarketMuse? We want to be more thorough than any of our competitors.
  2. Is the content readable, or are we using a tiny font that will annoy people?
  3. Is the page littered with too many ads and CTAs compared to our competitors?
  4. Should we be using video in our content? Some keywords have a 100% expectation of video, is that the case for our keyword?
  5. Should we have a broad usage of images in our content? Some keywords also have a strong expectation of visual content.
  6. Is our page speed fast enough relative to our competitors?

For this part of the audit, we’ll have to open up each of the URLs in page 1 of SERPs and manually check.

Good news note: Fortunately, you’ll likely only have to do this once for your readability, ads/CTAs, and page speed, because most of that stuff will be similar (if not identical) to your other blogs or landing pages, and you’ll see what needs to be fixed globally.

Step 1: Scan and fill out the spreadsheet

Quickly scan each page and fill out this tab of the spreadsheet (30 min, max).

A few tips:

As with the previous sheet, this will auto-populate each factor into the “content optimization guide” below.

Step 2: Figure out what matters

As before, we now know quite a bit about what’s important (and not important) for the on-page experience.

Here’s what we know:

  • We need to hit a topic score of at least 28. I’ll shoot for better than 40 to be the best of the bunch.
  • The font size is rather large, indicating that readability for quick scanning matters. We’ll use a font size of at least 18, but not so big that it looks like a coloring book.
  • It seems like video doesn’t really matter, we won’t create one.
  • Using lots of imagery is a must. We may not even be able to survive without it.
  • Our page needs to load in a minimum of 2.2 seconds. The top 4 results averaged 1.6 seconds, while the bottom five 5 averaged 2.8 seconds.
  • It seems like we can load up our page with any type of CTAs and be fine. As a matter of fact, some of these pages had an obnoxious amount of ads, and they still rank well.

Now we’re ready to create or adjust the elements of our page, based on what the data told us will work best.

*Important note! If you used to have a piece of content that was ranking on page 1, but got booted into the exiles of page 2+, this would be a damned good technique to evaluate why that happened, and fix it. It can also help you figure out why your mobile rankings aren’t up to snuff, too!

Conclusion

There was nothing particularly difficult about what we did. As a matter of fact, it really just came down to due diligence and the simplest of formulas.

But we really shouldn’t understate the importance of that hard work, because 95% of SEO is observing what is literally right in front of our faces, and making smart decisions based on what we see.

Every keyword is unique, as are searcher expectations for that keyword. So we can’t take the same approach to every piece of content.

The biggest secret about SEO in 2023

The biggest secret about SEO in 2023

It’s not technical.

But holy shit, people really, really WANT it to be so.

Particularly SEO experts.

Imagine if someone knocked on your door and said, “Hey, doctors are obsolete today. You can treat yourself at home with this cool scanner thing that will rearrange all your particles and it’ll fix that meniscus tear in your bad knee.”

Sounds cool for us, but equally not cool for doctors.

SEO in 2023 is the same.

Let me defend this position by taking a brief step back in time.

It’s 2011 and Google only knows what a page is about based on what you tell it in your SEO metadata.

It’s not really smart enough to figure out things like: content quality, topic clusters, satisfaction of search intent, etc.

There’s no nuance yet; just mechanical signals. Signals like:

  • H1-H6 header tags.
  • Broad keyword usage/density.
  • Exact match keyword usage in URLs.
  • Image optimization.
  • Exact match keywords in title tags.

Guess what? Google doesn’t need (or want) you to bludgeon it over the head with these things anymore!

Oh and also, that checklist above looks a lot like…well, a checklist, right? And, a checklist that any person with Yoast or Moz could REASONABLY figure out without an SEO expert, right?

The truth is that technical SEO in 2023 is like having tires on your car: if they go flat, it will slow down your car. But upgrading them really won’t make you go any faster.

And since so few of these signals are relevant anymore, it’s often better for people to have not known them in the first place so that they don’t over-optimize, or waste time on the wrong things.

Think of 2011 as a sledgehammer, and 2023 as a surgeon’s knife.

SEO has become less complex by becoming more complex

Huh?

Google has become so sophisticated that it understands (by using math) how well (or poorly!) any given piece of content satisfies the reason someone searches a specific keyword.

The metrics they use to figure this out are super complex. But the concept is not. 

The concept is: Understanding humans and what they actually want when they search something.

Whoa, dude…profound.

But seriously…what that means is that content writers (good ones) who understand basic math and psychology are going to be the “SEO experts” of 2023. And, the less they get hung up on the technical stuff, the better.

So if technical SEO is the rubber tires on the road, then writing content that satisfies searcher intent is the engine and the fuel.

Here’s how it’s going to work in 2023

For the sake of simplicity, I’m going to break down the 5% of SEO that will generate 95% of results.

Hint: none of it is technical.

Don’t believe me? I did this re-optimization with 30 minutes of work and nearly zero technical know-how. We went from position 5 to 1 overnight.

There are 3 main factors that are constantly being evaluated, which, based on how you do perform, will result in your keyword being pushed up and down. They are:

  1. Expected click-through rate: Based on your ranking position and your peers, Google expects you to be within a certain CTR range. Anything above or below that will likely result in a change of position, up or down.
  2. Dwell time: The length of time people spend on your piece of content before they go back to search results (Your goal is for that to never happen).
  3. Pogo-sticking: If someone clicks on your content, then goes back to search results and clicks on other pieces of content to weave together an answer, that’s bad for you.

And there are six things that can dramatically impact these three factors. They are:

  1. Topic coverage: Use MarketMuse or Clearscope to write content that is more “complete” than anything on the web. Imagine creating the Wikipedia page for every topic you write. See how to do it hereImpacts: Dwell time and lack of pogo-sticking.
  2. Engaging title: Your title tag should be an awesome 65 characters of marketing content. Look at the top 5 search results to see which titles people are clicking the most often See how to do it hereImpacts: Expected click-through rate
  3. Page speed: If your page loads too slowly, people will leave, period. Impacts: Dwell time and pogo-sticking.
  4. Media usage: Look at the top 5 results. Do they have video, graphics, charts, GIFs? Impacts: Dwell time and pogo-sticking.
  5. UX: If your UX is terrible, people are going to leave and find your competitors, period. Dhbooes your page look as good as your competitors’? Are your conversion forms clean and effective? Is the content nicely organized? Impacts: Dwell time and pogo-sticking.
  6. Intent understanding: Does the content and conversion actions match the intent of the search (informational, commercial, navigational)? If not, they will leave. Impacts: Expected click-through rate, dwell time and pogo-sticking.

The biggest tip of 2023 is simple… without using tools, look at the top 5 search results for any given keyword. They are the mathematical result of how well they satisfied everything above.

Most of SEO in 2023 is a combination of using your eyeballs, and a little hard work.